انتبه: تهدف هذه التعليمات إلى تثبيت البرنامج الخفي للشبكة tor، مثل little-t-tor. للحصول على تعليمات حول تثبيت متصفح تور، راجع دليل متصفح تور.

وصول المسؤول: لتثبيت تور، تحتاج إلى امتيازات الجذر. أسفل جميع الأوامر التي يجب تشغيلها كمستخدم جذر مثل apt و dpkg يتم إضافة "#"، بينما الأوامر التي يتم تشغيلها كمستخدم مع "$" تشبه الموجه القياسي في الوحدة الطرفية. To open a root terminal you have several options: sudo su, or sudo -i, or su -i. Note that sudo asks for your user password, while su expects the root password of your system.

Debian / Ubuntu

لا تستخدم الحزم الموجودة في مستودعات أوبونْتو. In the past they have not reliably been updated. That means you could be missing stability and security fixes.

  1. ضبط مستودع حزمة تور

Enable the Tor Project APT repository by following the instructions.

  1. تثبيت الحزمة

    # apt install tor

Fedora

  1. ضبط مستودع حزمة تور

Enable the Tor Project's RPM package repository by following the instructions.

  1. تثبيت الحزمة

    # dnf install tor

FreeBSD

  1. تثبيت الحزمة

    # pkg install tor

OpenBSD

  1. تثبيت الحزمة

    # pkg_add tor

نظام ماكْ

  1. ثبّت مدير الحِزَم

There are two package manager on OS X: Homebrew and Macports. You can use the package manager of your choice.

لتثبيت Homebrew ، اتبع التعليمات الموجودة على brew.sh.

To install Macports follow the instructions on macports.org/install.php.

  1. تثبيت الحزمة

If you are using Homebrew in a Terminal window, run:

# brew install tor

If you are using Macports in a Terminal window, run:

$ sudo port install tor

Arch Linux

  1. لتثبيت الحزمة tor على نظام Arch Linux، شغّل:
# pacman -Syu tor

DragonFlyBSD

  1. أقْلِع pkg

DragonFlyBSD's daily snapshots and releases (starting with 3.4) come with pkg already installed. Upgrades from earlier releases, however, will not have it. If pkg is missing on the system for any reason, it can be quickly bootstrapped without having to build it from source or even having DPorts installed:

# cd /usr
# make pkg-bootstrap
# rehash
# pkg-static install -y pkg
# rehash

1.1 الخطوات الموصى بها لإعداد pkg

Here, it will be similar to what we have on a FreeBSD system, and we are going to use HTTPS to fetch our packages, and updates - so here we also need an extra package to help us out (ca_root_nss).

جارِ تثبيت حزمة ca_root_nss:

# pkg install ca_root_nss

For fresh installations, the file /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/df-latest.conf.sample is copied to /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/df-latest. The files ending in the ".sample" extension are ignored; pkg(8) only reads files that end in ".conf" and it will read as many as it finds.

DragonflyBSD has 2 packages repositories:

  • Avalon (mirror-master.dragonflybsd.org);
  • Wolfpond (pkg.wolfpond.org).

We can simply edit the URL used to point out the repositories on /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/df-latest and that's it! Remember to use pkg+https:// for Avalon.

بعد تطبيق كل هذه التغييرات، نقوم بتحديث قائمة الحزم مرة أخرى ونحاول التحقق مما إذا كان هناك بالفعل تحديث جديد لتطبيقه:

# pkg update -f
# pkg upgrade -y -f
  1. تثبيت الحزمة

ثبّت حزمة tor:

# pkg install tor

NetBSD

  1. إعداد pkg_add

Modern versions of the NetBSD operating system can be set to use pkgin, which is a piece of software aimed to be like apt or yum for managing pkgsrc binary packages. We are not convering its setup here, and opt to use plain pkg_add instead.

# echo "PKG_PATH=http://cdn.netbsd.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/$(uname -m)/$(uname -r)/All" > /etc/pkg_install.conf
  1. تثبيت الحزمة

Install tor NetBSD's package:

# pkg_add tor

Void Linux

To install the tor package on Void Linux, please run:

# xbps-install -S tor

تثبيت تور من المصدر

  1. نزّل أحدث إصدار وتبعيات

The latest release of Tor can be found on the download page.

If you're building from source, first install libevent, and make sure you have openssl and zlib (including the -devel packages if applicable).

  1. نزّل تور

    tar -xzf tor-0.4.3.6.tar.gz; cd tor-0.4.3.6

    ./configure && make

Now you can run tor as src/app/tor (0.4.3.x and later), or you can run make install (as root if necessary) to install it into /usr/local/, and then you can start it just by running tor.