O Projeto Tor mantém seu próprio pacote de repositório Debian. Desde que Debian proporciona a versão LTS do Tor, isto pode nem sempre fornecer a ultima e mais estável versão do Tor. Entretanto é recomendado instalar o tor
através do nosso repositório.
Aqui está como você pode habilitar o Repositório de Pacotes Tor em distribuições baseadas no Debian:
Note: The symbol # refers to running the code as root. This means you should have access to a user account with system administration privileges, i.e. your user should be in the sudo group.
Pré-requisito: Verifique a arquitetura da CPU
The package repository offers amd64
, arm64
, and i386
binaries. Verify your operating system is capable of running the binary by inspecting the output of the following command:
# dpkg --print-architecture
A saída deve ser amd64
,arm64
ou i386
. O repositório não oferece suporte a outras arquiteturas de CPU.
Note: The package repository does not offer 32-bit ARM architecture (armhf
) images (yet). You should either install the version Debian offers (make sure to check out Debian backports, too, as that one has often a more up-to-date Tor package), or build Tor from source.
1. Instale apt-transport-https
Para habilitar todos os gerenciadores de pacotes usando a biblioteca libapt-pkg para acessar metadata e pacotes disponíveis em todas as fontes acessíveis através de https ("Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure" Protocolo de Hypertexto de transferência segura).
# apt install apt-transport-https
2. Create a new file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/
named tor.list
. Add the following entries:
deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/tor-archive-keyring.gpg] https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org <DISTRIBUTION> main
deb-src [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/tor-archive-keyring.gpg] https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org <DISTRIBUTION> main
If you want to try experimental packages, add these in addition to the lines from above:
deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/tor-archive-keyring.gpg] https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org tor-experimental-<DISTRIBUTION> main
deb-src [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/tor-archive-keyring.gpg] https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org tor-experimental-<DISTRIBUTION> main
Ou compilações noturnas:
deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/tor-archive-keyring.gpg] https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org tor-nightly-main-<DISTRIBUTION> main
deb-src [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/tor-archive-keyring.gpg] https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org tor-nightly-main-<DISTRIBUTION> main
Substitua <DISTRIBUTION>
pelo código de nome do seu sistema operacional. Execute lsb_release -c
ou cat /etc/debian_version
para verificar a versão do sistema operacional.
Nota: O Ubuntu Focal deixou de suportar 32-bit, portanto, em vez disso, use:
deb [arch=<ARCHITECTURE> signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/tor-archive-keyring.gpg] https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org focal main
deb-src [arch=<ARCHITECTURE> signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/tor-archive-keyring.gpg] https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org focal main
Replace <ARCHITECTURE>
with your system architecture (you found it earlier by writing dpkg --print-architecture
).
Aviso de alerta, ao executar o sudo apt update:
Skipping acquire of configured file 'main/binary-i386/Packages' as repository 'http://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org focal InRelease' doesn't support architecture 'i386'
3. Then add the gpg key used to sign the packages by running the following command at your command prompt:
# wget -qO- https://deb.torproject.org/torproject.org/A3C4F0F979CAA22CDBA8F512EE8CBC9E886DDD89.asc | gpg --dearmor | tee /usr/share/keyrings/tor-archive-keyring.gpg >/dev/null
4. Instalar o tor e o chaveiro Tor do debian
Nós fornecemos um pacote Debian para ajudá-lo a manter nossa chave de assinatura atualizada. É recomendável que você o use. Instale-o com os seguintes comandos:
# apt update
# apt install tor deb.torproject.org-keyring